Machine for shearing metal.



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PATENT ,JUNE 23 1908. H. v. Loss. BD

MAGH'INE FOR SHEARING METAL.

' APPLIOATIOH FILED JULY a. 1907.

10 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No.4,81,62 6. PATENTBD JUNE 23, 1908.

H. v. Loss.

MACHINE POR SHEARING METAL.

PPM ATIoN FILED JULY .1 y A o 3 9 7 1o slugs-,SHEET z.

TTU/MEV.

No. 891,626. l

H. V. LOSS. MACHINE POR SHBARINGMETAL.

AIPLIUATION FILEDJULY 3. 1907.

PATENTBD JUNEzs, 190s.

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110.891,626. PATENTED JUNE 23,1908. H. v. Loss. l

' MACHINE FOR SHEARING METAL.

APPLICATION HLED JULY s. 1907.

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A TTUHNEY.

' H. V. LOSS.

MACHINE FOR SHEARING METAL.

' APPLIUATION FILED JULY a. 1907.

Wl TNESSES PATBNTED JUNE 2s, 1908.

INVENTH Mofom A' TTOHNEY.

No. 891,626. TATTNTED JUNE 23, 1908. 11. v. Loss.

MACHINE FOR SHEARING METAL. APPLICATION FILED SULYB. 1907.

10 SHEETS-SHEET 6. l

Y H.V. Loss. MACHINE PoE SHEARING METAL.

APPLIUATION FILED JULY 3. 1907.

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No. 891,626. A EATENTED JUNE 23, 190s. E. v. Loss. MACHINE EOE SEEARING METAL.

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k, Sn b5 3:34 .@.E E l@ l@ U- 5@ ma@ 0 E fwn N nv 0r o 0 0.0 o o Wl TNE SSE S No. 891,626. PATENTED JUNE 23, 1908.

H. V. LOSS.

MACHINE FOR SHEARING METAL.l

APLIOATION'IILBD JULY 3. 1907.

10 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

' H. V. LOSS.

MACHINE POR SHEARING METAL.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 3, 190

7 10 SHEETS-SHEET l0.

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l PATENTED JUNE 2s, 1908.'

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

HENRIK V. LOSS, OF PHILADELPHIA,PENNSYLVANIA,ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES '.I. SCHOEN,

- OF MOYLAN, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR SHEARING MililTAL.-

No. 891,626.E

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented .Tune 23, 1908.

Application filed July 3, 1907. Serial No. 382,004.

To all whom tt may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRIK V. Loss, a citizen ofthe United States, and a resident of the city and county of `Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Shearing- Meta-l,4 of which ythe lfollowing is a specilication. 'f l My iinventionjlrelates to improvements in machines'lfr shearing and forging metal, and more particularly solid metal articles of large 'crossse'ct'iom as bars, billets, or ingots, the object 'of my invention being toI furnish a process and machine by means of Which the shearing may be accomplished Without distortingfy or longitudinally dragging the metaly at theshearingl point;y in other Words 'to so shear the metal that the sheared sections will ,be 'approximately as trueas if savved' with no rounded corners on the top or tins on the bottom.

In `order to accomplish my end I make use of tivoprinciples, the iirst of Which is to resist longitudinal llow of the metal in the article bi ig sheared during the process of ,shearing by means of an external pressure which is applied practically all around the outside surface of articlebeing operated upon and which, by the friction which Will ensue b'el een the article being sheared and the means Vfor producing this pressure, will resist the ilovv of the metal in the article to be sheare'd and the second of which consists in causing anotfset in the line of the longitudinal flow of the metal during the shearing bymeansof pressure clamps which are sunk into the metal of the piece tobe severed and which act as a barrier and a hindrance to said flow.

The pressure clamps in addition to performing the functions above mentioned also serve by their compression of the metal to forge it, their action being thus decidedly beneficial.

' My invention is particularly designed for cutting from an `ingot blanks to be used in the.manufacture of car wheels, but I do not desire to confine my invention to this use as it is obvious that it might have many other applications.

In the accompanying' drmvings foi'nxing cluding the means for carrying and for feeding the article to be sheared thereto; Fig. 2, a side elevation, upon an enlarged scale, of the shearing machine proper; Fig. 3, Va front elevation of Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a vertical central sectional elevation through the shearing niachine proper; Fig. 5, a section of Fig. 4 on line 5-5 3 Fig. 6, a sectional elevation of the telescopic liquid feeding means for the holdback cylinder, Fig. 8; Fig. 7, a central sectional elevation through part of the main 1cylinder and through part of its piston and ,fthrough part of the clamping piston carried by the main piston, showing the arrangement of the means for feeding liquid to latter piston; Fig. 8, a central sectional elevation through hold-back cylinder or stop; Fig. 9, a side elevation, on an enlarged scale, of the apparatus for carrying and for feeding the metal to the shear; Fig. 10, a front elevation of Fig. 9 Fig. 11, a plan view, partly broken away, of Fig. 9; Fig. 12, a central longitudinal sectional elevation, on an enlarged scale, of Fig. 9; Fig. 13, a section of Fig. 12, online 13-1'3; Fig. 14, a section of Fig. 12 on line 11k-14; Fig.. 15, a section of Fig. .12 on line 15-15; Fig. 1o, a section of Fig. 12 on line 16-16- The ingot, bar, or billet to be sheared is carried b v a suitable crane, or other machine, not shown, and is deposited upon the Short arm 25 of a tilting table, Figs. 11, 12 and 13, which is carried by trunnions 27 which are supported and turn in suitable bearings in the movable frame 28.

26 is the long arm of the tilting table. The first position of this table is shown by dotted lines in Fig. 12.

29, Fig. 1, 9 & 13, is a pinion fast to one of thetrunnions 27, and 30 is a rack gearing into this pinion which rack is carried b v the hydraulic piston 31 which works in theevlindia' 32. 33iis an hydraulic cylinder the piston 3l of which carries the vertically movable frame 28 which carries the tilting table. l The frame 2S is guided in its movements b v E guides 35 which are carried' by the main frame 36 of the feeding device.

The frame 28 being elevated, and the tilting table being in the position indicated b v dotted lines in Fig. 12, the article to be operated upon is lowered until itsunder end rests upon the top of the short arm 25 of the table. Thp, lwvflrmvlif uistrm Rl is nmv lowknown means and therack30ib'eimg lowered with the piston will turnr the pinion'29.which will turn the truunions 27 .of the tilt' gztable..

until the arm 26 thereof assumes the "arizontal position shown by the full lines Fig. 12.

The article carried-by this tab'le"fifs""now in, a]

horizontal position. lThe next operation-v is to exhaust the liquid from the cylinder 33 which will cause-.the iston 34, the movable frame 28 carried by this piston, and the tilting table, whichis carried by frame 28, tol

fall lowering the article carried by the table iinder, the piston 40 of which -is secured to a cross head 41, `which is guided in grooves 42 in the frames 36-38 The iston 40 isoperated hydraulically in a wel known man ner to advance the cross head 41' so that it will move the article carried by the tracks 37 to the shearing machine roper, or in a re.- verse, direction to retract t e cross head after itsV stroke is completed. .l

In Fig. 10 an ingot,.indicated in brokenlines, is shown supported on the tracks 37.

I will now describe the shear roper: 43, Figs. 1, 2 3 and 4, is a casting which is bored out'to form an hydraulic cylinder which is fitted with a piston 44 which is packed in the usual vmanner which will not. need descrip-- tion. The piston 4.4 is bored out to form a cylinder 45 which is furnished with a piston 46 also packed in' a well known manner. The

piston 44 carries on its lower end apart 47 of a two part clamp, and the piston 46 carries on its end a part 48 of another two part clamp. These clamps are best shown in 4. For convenience of descri tion I hereinafter vcall the clamp of w 'ch 47 is part the shearing clam and the clamp of which 48 is a part the ho ding clamp.

49 vis the base of the machine in which is formed, or which carries, an hydraulic cylinder 50 which is furnished with a piston 51 which carries the part 52 of the shearing clamp, which acts in line and in conjunction with the part 47 carried by the piston 44.

53 is a art of the holding clam which is in line an acts in conjunction wit the part 48 carried by the piston 46. The part 53 of` the holding clam is carried by a casting 54 which is carried y the base casting 49.

The upper cylinder casting 43 is carried b the base casting through rods 56 and co lumns 57 which are of such dimensions as to insure the alinement and integrity orv the machine under all conditionsof service.

cylinder 43v causing'the piston 4455-..

.58 are diagonal tie rods which assistiin stifening-y the machine. y The.article to` be sheared'is passedinnver admitted, through a suitable duct 59,- to- The cylinder 45 having' in it always a downward motion of piston 44 will' carry with it the piston 46, and the clamp arts 47-48 will engage the top of the artic eto be sheared. After the clam parts 47-48 engage the article they, as well as the clamping parts 52-53, are sunk therein, the parts 47-52 by the downward action ofthe piston 44 operating against the constant ressurelin the cylinder 50, the parts 48--53 y the action 0f"the piston 46 which is actuated by the liquid asabove described. -The piston 44 now; continues its stroke and as the lower member 52 of the shearing clamp is supportled upon the piston 51 the downward movement of-theupper member 47 of this clamp` will pu'sh this plston downwards because the q vunder the constant working pressure, the

the clamp parts 52.-53 and underthelclamp parts 47-48, and liquid under pressure isf'.

diameterand working strength of piston 44 is greater than the diameter and resistance l of piston 51, and the metal will be sheared olf alog a line coinciding with that formed bythe ad'acent faces of the clamp parts 47-52 an 48-53. During this. latter part of the operation the piston 46 is left behind;

-' spacebeing allowed 1n the cylinder 45 above.

e piston 46 sufficiently long to take up the shearing stroke-of piston 44.

The purpose of sinking the clamp parts into the metal is that they may form abar- Arier to prevent the flo,w of metal through the clamps during the shearin Thejclamping itself not only checks the ow by settingl up a` great friction but bysinkin theclamps into the metal its' flow woul be.. fu`rther `checked because the clamps form an ofset in the line of flow, thus forcing a change of d irection. i

In Fig. 7 the arrangement for introducing liquid to thecylinder 45 is shown. 70l .is apipe passing through cylinder 43 and enter.- 1n

p iie 70being arallel to that of the piston 44. 60 is atu e closed at the bottom, andv of lsomewhat, reater diameter than that'of pipe,70,f`whic is carried bythe piston 44 the wall of which is bored out to receive it,

and which is properly packed at the top and.A

packing 61 the bottoni` Through the top pi e'lrpasses. 62 is a uct leadmg from tulhe 6O`Ito the top of the cylinder 45..' Liquid is introduced through pipe 7 0 to the tube 6() from which it can pass to the cylinder 45. The exhaust takes place, in a reverse direc'- tion, through vthe same ducts."` The arrangement shown forms a convenient telescopic joint made necessary by the :movements of the piston 44.

the piston 44, the longitudinal axis ofthe the supporting beam 66 which again .springing during its ol eration.l

be pushed forward for The clamp member 52 is connected with a cross head 63 which'is guided in its movements bythe columns 57. The cross-head and columns are massive in construction so that there will be no danger of the machine 64 are springs, of t e helical variety referably, which are'carried by the cross ead 63 the office of which is to engage and lift the top cross head 65 which forms part of iston L1li-after the piston'51 has arrived at lts full i upward stroke in thecylinder during the return movement :which takes place after the completion of the shearinr stroke when the water is exhausted from cylinder 43 back to the pipe 59 through a suitable valve. The springs 64 become compressed on the downward motion of the piston 44 and the energy thus sto-red is used to lift the clamp piece 47, 48 clear of t-he ingot so as to permit the same i to be pushed forward for the next shearing operation.

The lifting of the clamps 47-48 is 'accomplished by these springs acting upon the cross head which carnes the c am 47 and i Ilifts piston 46 which carries the clamp 48 through the intermediary piece or pieces 67.

The lifting of the clamp member 48 car ries with it the links 68 which carry a bottom cross piece 69 which engages the under side of the ingot bein fed to the machine lifting it clearand out o engagement with the lower clamps 52-53, so as to enable the ingot t'o the next operation by the movement of the piston 40 in the cylinder 39.

The article to be sheared is fed to the stationary and shearing clamps by step by step movements of the piston 40. The distance that this article is fed at each movementcan be regulated by the length of this movement or a hold back or stop carried by the cross head 65 .may be used for gaging the length of the piece to be cut off. The stop 71 that l have illustrated in Figs. 3 and 8 is adjustably secured to a piston 72 which is carried b v an hydraulic cylinder 73, which through a telescopic arrangement of pipes 7 4 shown in Figs. 3 and 6, made necessary by the piston being. carried by the movable crosshead 65, is connected liquid supply of the cylinde. 43.

Having thus described my invention l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent: f

l. In a shearing machine, in combination, a main cylinder, means for admitting and for I withdrawing a liquid under pressure to and from said cylinder, a piston within said cylmember of a shearing clamp and beii'ig itself bored out to form a second cylinder, said shearing clamp member, a piston carried 1n said second cylinder furnished with an arm carrying the movable member of a holding i E lically `inder furnished with an arm carrymg one 2. In a shearing machine, in combination,

a set of movable shearing clamps, a. hydraulically operated piston, bored out to form a cylinder, for operating said clamps, a movable lholding clamp carried by a piston working in the cylinder formed in said rst cylinder, said second piston, a beam or stop carried by the first piston engaging said second piston in its lowered position, a stationarv olding clamp member in line with the moi:- able holding olamp member, and means for returning said movable clamp members to their first, or open, position u on the completion ofthe shearing stroke otP the machine.

3. The combination with the movable member of the holding clam of links, and a bar or roller carried by sai links adapted upon the upward movement of said clamp member to engage and lift the article being fed to said clamp'.

4. The combination with t-he main hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder forming piston of said cylinder, and the piston carried by said cylinder'4 forming piston, of a tube carried by said main cylinder, a tube open at the top and closed at the bottom carried by said piston of said cylinder, a duct connecting said latter tube and the cylinder in said iston, and a packing for making a tight joint between said tubes, said tubes operating telcsco ically the one with the other, substantial y as set forth.

5. The combination with the holding and the shearing clamps of a shearing machine, and means for operating said clamps, of a frame for carrying the article to be sheared, a tilting table carried rotatablyby a frame movable vertically of said first frame, said movable frame, means for rocking said tilting table upon its supports, means for elevating or depressing said frame carrying table,

`and means'for advancing the article to be sheared along said frame.

6. In a feeding means for shearing machines, in vcombination,.` a main frame, a frame movable vertically of said main frame, a tilting table carried by a shaft or trunnions carried in bearings carried -by said main frame, a pinion fast to said shalt or trunuion, a rack gearing into said pinioma hydrauoperated piston carrying said rack, a cylinder in which said piston works, an hydraulically operated piston and cylinder for carrying said movable frame, and means operating lengthwise of said main frame for moving t-he article to be sheared to the shearing machine.

2.7. In a feedingmeans" for shearing maand means for lowering said table and its car- 'elrines,\ii1 combination, a main fr-ame for carrying frame clear of the article to be sheared 10 horizontally the article tobe sheared, a when lying'on the main frame.

frame movable vertically of said main frame,

"a tilting table rotatably carried by said mov-` HENRIK Vf LOSS' table frame and adapted toy receive and de- Witnesses:

positon said main frame the article to be HENRY J. REBMAN,

Sheared, meansforrocking'.saidtilting table, CHARLES A.RUT'1 ER. 

